Getting to and around Bogotá

Getting From Bogotá Airport to the City

Most international travellers arrive at El Dorado International Airport (BOG). The airport is relatively close to the city, but traffic can be intense.

Ride-hailing apps (Recommended)

Uber, DiDi, Cabify, and InDrive are widely used.
Why I recommend them:

• Upfront pricing
• No Spanish negotiation required
• Driver tracking for safety
• Cash or card payment options

Pickup instructions sometimes require meeting drivers in a parking area instead of directly outside arrivals.

Getting Around Bogotá

Bogotá is huge, high-altitude, and not always pedestrian-friendly. For most travellers, ride-hailing apps are the easiest way to move around.

Public Transport (TransMilenio)

Bogotá’s rapid bus system is extensive and fast off-peak, but it can be crowded at rush hour. If you are new to the city, ride-hailing is often less stressful, especially in the evening.

Getting to and around Medellín

Getting From Medellín Airport (MDE) to the City

José María Córdova International Airport is not actually in Medellín, but in the nearby town of Rionegro, about 45-60 minutes away. You have three main options:

Official Airport Taxi or Pre-booked Transfer

• Fixed fares available at the airport counter
• Slightly more expensive but straightforward
• Good option if arriving late at night

Airport Bus (Best Budget Option)

• Runs regularly outside the terminal
• Costs around 15,000–20,000 COP (~4-5€)
• Drops passengers near San Diego Mall or the city center (From there, you can take a short Uber or taxi to your hotel)
• Safe and widely used by locals

Uber or Ride-Hailing Apps (Recommended for Convenience)

• Uber technically operates in a legal grey area in Colombia, but it’s widely used. Other local options are DiDi, Cabify, and InDrive
• Typically 80,000–110,000 COP (~20-25€)
• Door-to-door service
• Comfortable and safe, especially after long flights

Getting Around Medellín

Medellín’s transport system is one of the city’s highlights.

Metro (Best Way to Move Around)

The Medellín Metro is clean, safe, and efficient – something many first-time visitors don’t expect. Locals take pride in the metro, and you’ll notice how well maintained it is.

• Two main metro lines run north-south through the valley
• Connects major neighborhoods including El Poblado via Metro + short taxi ride
• Extremely affordable
• Easy to use even without Spanish

Metrocable (Cable Cars)

Originally built to connect hillside communities, the cable cars are now both practical transport and a scenic experience.

• Included in the metro ticket price
• Incredible city views
• Useful for visiting areas like Parque Arví

Uber & Taxis

Uber works reliably and is often the easiest option at night or for short distances. Short rides usually cost only a few euros.

Walking

El Poblado and Laureles are walkable neighborhoods, but distances across the city are larger than they appear on maps.

Getting to and around Cartagena

Getting From Cartagena Airport (CTG) to the City

Rafael Núñez International Airport is conveniently located just 10-15 minutes from the historic center.

Taxi (Most Common Option)

• Fixed prices depending on destination
• Around 15,000–25,000 COP (~4–6€) to the Old Town or Getsemaní
• Pay at the airport taxi desk before leaving
• This is usually the fastest and easiest option

Uber / Ride Apps

Uber operates but pickups can sometimes be slightly outside the terminal area due to regulations. Still very affordable.

Private Transfer

Worth considering if arriving late at night or with luggage – prices are low compared to Europe.

Getting Around Cartagena

Walking | The best Option in Old Town & Getsemaní. Most attractions inside the walled city are within walking distance. Plan sightseeing early morning or late afternoon and generally be prepared for strong sun, high humidity and limited shade.

Taxis | Cheap and plentiful for longer distances (e.g., beaches or Bocagrande). Always agree on the price before entering if no meter is used.

Uber | Available and often easier if you prefer fixed pricing.

Bikes & Scooters | Possible but less common due to traffic and heat.

Traveling within Colombia

When to Fly Within Colombia

Because of mountains and long road travel times, flying is often the smartest choice, not a luxury. Airlines to check include Avianca, LATAM Colombia, Wingo, and JetSMART. Flights save huge amounts of time, especially on routes like:

• Bogotá to Medellín: around 1 hour by flight vs 9 to 11 hours by bus
• Medellín to Cartagena: around 1 hour by flight vs 14+ hours by bus
• Bogotá to Santa Marta: around 1.5 hours by flight

Bus Travel in Colombia

Colombia’s long-distance bus network is extensive and often surprisingly comfortable. You can reach nearly everywhere by bus, including Salento, Villa de Leyva, Santa Marta, and many Coffee Region destinations. VIP or Ejecutivo buses are worth the small upgrade for longer rides.
What to expect:

• Reclining seats
• Air-conditioning
• Assigned seating
• Luggage storage under the bus

Using ride-hailing and taxis across Colombia

Ride-hailing apps are widely used in major cities and are usually the easiest choice for travellers.
Why they work well:

• Upfront pricing
• Driver tracking
• Less language barrier stress
• Easy navigation

Traditional taxis exist, but I recommend using app-based taxis or rides arranged through a hotel.
Safety tip: avoid accepting unsolicited rides at bus terminals or airports.

Day 0: San Blas Sailing & Arrival via Capurganá

For a truly unforgettable start to your Colombia itinerary, you can arrive by sea instead of flying. One of the most unique routes into Colombia is sailing from Panama through the San Blas Islands, ending in the remote coastal village of Capurganá near the Colombian border.

This multi-day boat trip takes you through one of the most beautiful island chains in the Caribbean, with stops at tiny tropical islands, snorkeling spots, and indigenous Kuna communities. It’s less about getting from A to B, and more about the experience itself.

After crossing into Colombia, you’ll arrive in Capurganá, a laid-back village surrounded by jungle and accessible only by boat or small plane. From here, you can easily walk or take a short boat ride to nearby Sapzurro, a quieter and even more remote village close to the Panama border. Both places feel completely disconnected from the rest of the country and offer a glimpse of a slower, more untouched side of Colombia. You can fly from here directly to Medellin. This route requires more planning and flexibility, but if you have the time, it’s one of the most memorable ways to begin your trip.

Day 1-3: Medellín

Medellín is the perfect place to begin your trip. Once infamous for its turbulent past, the city has transformed into one of the most innovative and vibrant destinations in South America. Spend a few days exploring different neighborhoods and getting a feel for Colombian culture. The metro and cable car system makes it easy to move around, and the city has an energetic atmosphere that many travelers end up loving. A highlight of visiting Medellín is exploring Comuna 13, once one of the most dangerous areas in the city and now known for its colorful street art, music, and community projects. You should also ride the Metrocable up into the hills surrounding the city. The views over the sprawling valley are spectacular and the experience itself shows how Medellín reinvented urban transportation.

Day 4: Guatapé

Take a day trip from Medellín to the colorful lakeside town of Guatapé, one of the most photogenic places in Colombia. The main attraction here is El Peñol Rock, a massive granite monolith rising above the surrounding lakes. Climb the 700 steps to the top for panoramic views over the maze of islands and waterways below. Afterward, spend time wandering through Guatapé itself. The town is famous for its brightly painted houses decorated with decorative panels called zócalos. You can easily visit Guatapé on a day trip from Medellín, but staying overnight is also a great option if you want a slower pace.

Day 5-6: Salento & Cocora Valley (Coffee Region)

From Medellín, continue to Colombia’s famous coffee region, a landscape of green hills, colorful villages, and working coffee farms. The small town of Salento is one of the best bases for exploring the area. Its colorful streets, lively central square, and relaxed atmosphere make it a favorite among travelers. The main highlight here is the Cocora Valley hike, where towering wax palms rise dramatically above the cloud forest. These are the tallest palm trees in the world and one of Colombia’s most iconic landscapes. Besides hiking, you can also visit a traditional coffee finca to learn how Colombian coffee is grown and processed.

Day 7-8: Minca

Next, head north toward the Caribbean coast. From Santa Marta, continue inland to the small mountain town of Minca, located in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountains. Minca feels completely different from the rest of the Caribbean coast. The air is cooler, the jungle is lush, and waterfalls are hidden along jungle trails. It is a great place to slow down for a couple of days before continuing along the coast. Popular activities include hiking to waterfalls, visiting coffee farms, and watching the sunset from viewpoints overlooking the Caribbean Sea far below.

Day 9: Tayrona National Park

From Minca, continue to Tayrona National Park, one of the most spectacular natural areas in Colombia. Here, dense jungle meets the Caribbean coastline, creating dramatic beaches backed by tropical forest and huge granite boulders. Most visitors hike through the park to reach Cabo San Juan, the most famous beach in Tayrona. The trail itself is part of the experience and wildlife sightings are common. Staying overnight inside the park allows you to experience the beaches early in the morning before day visitors arrive.

Day 10-11: Palomino

Continue further east along the Caribbean coast to the laid-back beach town of Palomino. Palomino is known for its relaxed atmosphere, wide beaches, and the popular activity of river tubing down the Palomino River toward the sea. It is the perfect place to slow down after the jungle hikes of Tayrona.

Day 12-14: Cartagena

Finish your Colombia itinerary in Cartagena, one of the most beautiful colonial cities in Latin America. The historic walled city is full of colorful houses, flower-covered balconies, and lively plazas. In the evenings, the streets fill with music, street performers, and outdoor restaurants. Cartagena is also the main gateway to the tropical islands just offshore. A popular day trip is visiting the Rosario Islands or Isla Barú, where you can relax on white sand beaches and swim in turquoise water.

Day 12-14: Cartagena

Finish your Colombia itinerary in Cartagena, one of the most beautiful colonial cities in Latin America. The historic walled city is full of colorful houses, flower-covered balconies, and lively plazas. In the evenings, the streets fill with music, street performers, and outdoor restaurants. Cartagena is also the main gateway to the tropical islands just offshore. A popular day trip is visiting the Rosario Islands or Isla Barú, where you can relax on white sand beaches and swim in turquoise water.

Day 22-24: Bogotá (optional)

If you have extra time at the end of your Colombia itinerary, you can add a few days in Bogotá, the country’s capital and main international gateway. While many travelers skip it in favor of Colombia’s more scenic regions, Bogotá offers a different perspective with its mix of history, culture, and urban energy.

The historic district of La Candelaria is the highlight, with colorful colonial buildings, street art, and small museums tucked into narrow streets. The Gold Museum is one of the most impressive in South America, showcasing thousands of pre-Columbian artifacts. For the best views over the city, take the cable car or funicular up to Monserrate, especially around sunset.

Bogotá sits at high altitude, so temperatures are cooler and the weather can be unpredictable. It’s a good place to slow down a bit, enjoy the food scene, and experience a more local, less touristy side of Colombia. It’s also a great base for your other optional activities, as there are many cheap and easy flights to far corners of the country.

Day 25–27: Tatacoa Desert (optional)

If you have more time and want to explore a completely different side of Colombia, consider adding a trip to the Tatacoa Desert. Despite its name, it’s not a true desert but a striking landscape of red and gray rock formations, dry canyons, and wide open skies.

Tatacoa feels very remote and is far less visited than other destinations in Colombia. The main highlights are exploring the surreal red desert (Cuzco) and gray desert (Los Hoyos), walking through narrow canyons, and stargazing at night. Thanks to its low light pollution, Tatacoa is one of the best places in Colombia for astronomy.

Getting here requires a bit of effort, usually involving a bus journey via Neiva, but that’s also part of the appeal. It’s a destination for travelers who want something off the typical Colombia route.

Day 28–31: Amazonas (optional)

For a completely different experience, you can finish your Colombia itinerary deep in the Amazon rainforest. The small town of Leticia, located at the triple border of Colombia, Peru, and Brazil, serves as the main gateway to the region.

This part of Colombia feels worlds away from the rest of the country. Instead of cities and beaches, you’ll find dense jungle, winding rivers, and incredible biodiversity. Most activities here revolve around guided excursions, including jungle hikes, wildlife spotting, river boat trips, and visits to indigenous communities. One of the highlights is exploring the Amazon River and spotting wildlife such as pink river dolphins, monkeys, and exotic birds. The experience is less about ticking off sights and more about immersing yourself in nature.

Getting here requires a domestic flight, usually from Bogotá, but it’s well worth it if you’re looking to add a truly unique and adventurous ending to your trip.

When to visit Colombia

Colombia is a year-round destination, but the best time to visit depends largely on which regions you plan to explore. Thanks to its geography, the country has several climate zones, ranging from cool Andean highlands to humid Caribbean coastline and tropical rainforest.

Weather patterns vary significantly between regions such as the coffee region, the Caribbean coast, and the Andean cities. While temperatures stay fairly stable throughout the year, rainfall can change dramatically depending on the season. Choosing the right timing can make a big difference, especially if you’re planning hikes in the mountains or beach time along the Caribbean.

For a detailed month-by-month breakdown, regional weather guide, and the best travel windows for each destination, read: When to Visit Colombia: Best Time to Go.

How to get there

If you’re flying to Colombia, the main international gateways are Bogotá (BOG), Medellín (MDE), and Cartagena (CTG). Bogotá handles the largest number of long-haul flights from Europe and North America, while Medellín and Cartagena also receive an increasing number of international connections.

For most travelers following the itinerary above, flying into Medellín or Cartagena is the most convenient option and allows you to skip Colombia’s huge capital entirely. Browse through Kiwi or Skyscanner for cheap flights from your home country to Colombia. If you’re already traveling around Latin America, you can often find affordable regional flights with airlines such as Avianca, LATAM, or JetSMART.

Because Colombia is such a large country with challenging terrain, domestic flights are very common and often surprisingly affordable. Many travelers combine buses for shorter distances with flights for longer routes such as Medellín to the Caribbean coast.

From Nearby Countries

From Panama | One of the most adventurous ways to reach Colombia is sailing from Panama to Cartagena via the San Blas Islands. This multi-day boat trip is a famous backpacker route and includes stops at remote tropical islands along the way. The journey usually takes about 4-5 days and is widely considered one of the most beautiful sailing routes in the Caribbean. See me detailed post about this journey!

From Ecuador | If you are traveling north through South America, buses regularly connect cities in Ecuador with southern Colombia. The most common crossing is between Quito and Ipiales, where travelers often stop to visit the famous Las Lajas Sanctuary before continuing deeper into Colombia.

From Peru | Another unique route is entering Colombia through the Amazon. Boats connect the border towns of Santa Rosa (Peru) and Tabatinga (Brazil) with Leticia, Colombia’s main gateway to the Amazon rainforest.

Book buses and regional transport through BusBud.

Getting Around Colombia

One of the most important things to understand about traveling in Colombia is how large the country is. Distances between regions can be significant, and mountains often make travel slower than the map suggests. Fortunately, Colombia has a good mix of domestic flights, long-distance buses, and ride-hailing apps that make getting around relatively straightforward.

Domestic flights are very common and often the fastest way to move between regions such as Medellín, the Caribbean coast, and the coffee region. For shorter distances, comfortable long-distance buses connect most cities and towns across the country. Within cities, ride-hailing apps like Uber, DiDi, and Cabify are widely used and typically inexpensive.

You generally don’t need to rent a car, even when traveling independently or solo. Most destinations are well connected by public transport, and buses run frequently between major tourist areas.

I explain exactly which transport to use (and when), how to book tickets, and common mistakes travelers make in my complete guide: How to Get Around Colombia: Flights, Buses & Transport Tips.

How expensive is Colombia?

COST OF TRAVEL

Colombia is one of the most affordable countries to travel in Latin America, especially considering the quality of food, accommodation, and domestic transport. You can travel comfortably on a mid-range budget, enjoy excellent local cuisine, stay in stylish boutique hotels, and still spend far less than you would in many other popular destinations in the Americas. Budget travelers can get by very cheaply, while luxury options such as boutique colonial hotels and high-end eco lodges are also widely available.

Because costs vary significantly depending on your travel style, route, and activities, I’ve broken everything down in detail in a separate guide including daily budgets, accommodation prices, transport costs, and a sample 2-week travel budget. Read the full breakdown here: Cost of Travel in Colombia.

Quick Answer: When to Visit Colombia

• Best overall time: December to March
• Best for Caribbean beaches: December to April
• Best for hiking and nature: December to February and July to August
• Best for fewer crowds: September to November
• Rainiest months: April to May and October to November (varies by region)

Colombia does not have one single best month. What it does have are several excellent travel windows, and if you understand how weather works by region and altitude, you can plan around it instead of fighting it.

Best Overall Time to Visit Colombia

For most travelers, December through March offers the best balance across the country. The Caribbean coast is at its driest, hiking trails are in good condition, and transport disruptions are minimal. This window works especially well for a classic itinerary like Cartagena, the Caribbean Coast, Medellin, and the Coffee Region.

Best Time for Colombia’s Caribbean Coast

If beaches are your priority, aim for December to April. These months bring calmer seas, more sunshine, and better conditions for Tayrona National Park and island day trips. September to November is typically the rainiest and most humid period on the coast.

Best Time to Visit Medellin

Medellin is called the City of Eternal Spring, and temperatures barely change throughout the year. For the most reliable sunny weather, plan for December to February or July to August. This also makes day trips to Guatape easier and gives better views from the city’s miradores.

Best Time for the Coffee Region (Salento and Cocora Valley)

The Coffee Region is best in January to March and July to August. These months offer clearer mornings, less muddy trails, and better visibility for Cocora Valley viewpoints. Start early, since clouds often roll in after midday.

Best Time for Hiking and Nature

For hiking and nature, the easiest months are December to February and July to August. You will still get showers, but they tend to be shorter and less disruptive than during peak rainy months.

When not to Visit Colombia

You might want to avoid or rethink your trip if:

• You want reliably sunny beach weather in October or November
• You plan long hikes during the wettest months
• You strongly dislike humidity and heat on the Caribbean coast

Colombia Weather by Month

January to March

• Best overall conditions
• Dry Caribbean coast
• Excellent hiking weather
• Peak travel season

April to May

• First rainy season
• Greener landscapes
• Lower prices

June

• Transition month
• Mixed weather but manageable

July to August

• Secondary dry window
• Great for Andes travel
• Good balance of crowds and weather

September to November

• Wettest period in many regions
• Fewer tourists
• Still possible to travel slowly

December

• Dry season begins
• Festive atmosphere
• Popular with domestic travelers

Festivals and Events to Consider

Weather isn’t everything – festivals can define your experience.

• Carnival of Barranquilla (February or March): One of the biggest cultural festivals in South America. Expect crowds and higher prices along the Caribbean coast.
• Medellin Flower Festival (August): A highlight of Colombian culture with parades, music, and floral displays.
• Christmas season (December): Colombia goes all in on lights, especially in Medellin and Cartagena. One of the most atmospheric times to visit.

1. Colombian friendliness is real

People genuinely want to help. Strangers may start conversations, offer directions, or practice English with you. Compared to Northern Europe, interactions feel much more personal and open. This friendliness is usually harmless, but learning polite boundaries is important. A simple, confident “No, gracias” works wonders.

2. Attention toward foreign women

As a solo foreign woman, you will likely receive attention, especially in cities like Medellín or Cartagena. This usually looks like:

• Catcalling (common but typically non-aggressive)

• Compliments shouted from afar

• Attempts at conversation

It can feel tiring rather than threatening. Ignoring comments and continuing confidently is normal local behavior. Engaging politely but briefly keeps interactions comfortable.

3. Appearance and perception

Colombia is style-conscious. Locals tend to dress well even casually. Looking extremely touristy can make you stand out more than traveling alone does. Simple adjustments help:

• Neutral clothing instead of flashy outfits

• Crossbody bags instead of open totes

• Minimal visible jewelry

• Phone kept away when not needed

Blending in is less about modesty and more about not signaling distraction.

1 Bogotá

Bogotá is the city that tends to split opinions for solo female travelers. It is huge, busy, and culturally rich, but it can feel more intense than Medellín or the Coffee Region, especially after dark. The good news: in the right areas, Bogotá is absolutely manageable solo. The key is choosing your neighborhood wisely and using ride apps at night.

Where it feels easiest

• Chapinero Alto and Zona G for cafés, restaurants, and a more local but safe feeling base

• Zona T (Zona Rosa) for nightlife and shopping, best if you want to stay central and well connected

• Usaquén for a calmer vibe and weekend markets

What to watch out for

• Petty theft can be higher here than in smaller destinations

• Some streets change quickly from busy to empty once the sun goes down

• Avoid walking alone late at night, even short distances

• Keep your phone out of sight on sidewalks and near roads

How to do Bogotá safely solo
Explore during the day, then use Uber or Cabify door to door in the evening. Pick accommodation with a staffed reception in a well reviewed area and avoid improvising routes at night. If you want one simple rule: treat Bogotá like a big global capital. Plan your routes, minimize distraction, and do not do late night walks just because the map says it is close.

2 Medellin

Medellín surprises most travelers. Modern, green, and innovative, it feels far removed from its past reputation. Neighborhood choice matters enormously.

• El Poblado: safest and easiest base for solo travelers

• Laureles: calmer, more local atmosphere

• Centro: interesting but not ideal alone after dark

Use ride apps at night and avoid walking between nightlife areas alone late in the evening. Daytime exploration, metro rides, and organized tours feel very safe.

See my detailed Medellín guide.

Solo female vibe: Comfortable with basic awareness.

3 Cartagena

Cartagena is often the easiest entry point into Colombia. The historic walled city feels lively, walkable, and heavily touristed. During the day, exploring alone is comfortable and straightforward. Street vendors can be persistent but rarely aggressive.

At night, stick to well-lit areas of the Old Town and Getsemaní and use Uber or taxis rather than walking longer distances.

My full Cartagena travel guide covers safe neighborhoods, where to stay, and realistic expectations.

Solo female vibe: Beginner-friendly Colombia.

4 Caribbean coast

The Caribbean coast feels relaxed but introduces different safety considerations. The main risks here are not crime but isolation and logistics.

• Roads are dark at night

• Transport schedules are unpredictable

• Beaches can become empty quickly after sunset

Tayrona National Park is safe but remote. Avoid hiking alone late in the day and always plan transport before dark.

Read my guide to Minca

Read my guide to Tayrona National Park

Read my guide to Palomino

Solo female vibe: Safe but requires planning.

5 Coffee Region

The Coffee Region was one of the places I felt safest traveling alone. Small towns, friendly locals, and nature-focused tourism create a relaxed environment. Walking alone during the day is completely normal. The main risks here are environmental:

• Mountain weather changes quickly

• Trails can become muddy and empty

• Transport stops early

Start hikes early and avoid returning after dark.

Read my Salento guide here

Read my guide to hiking in Cocora Valley here

Solo female vibe: Very comfortable.

What to Wear as a Solo Female Traveler in Colombia

Colombia is generally more relaxed than many people expect.

Cities

Shorts, dresses, and Western clothing are normal in Medellín and Cartagena. You will not offend anyone by dressing casually. However, locals tend to dress stylishly, especially at night. Blending in slightly can reduce unwanted attention.

Rural areas

Practical clothing matters more than modesty. Think:

• breathable fabrics

• sneakers or hiking shoes

• light layers for changing climates

Safety tip

Avoid flashy jewelry or designer bags in cities. This is less about culture and more about reducing theft risk.

Common Safety Risks in Colombia (And How to Avoid Them)

Colombia is not scam-heavy, but there are a few realities to know.

• Phone snatching: The most common issue. Avoid using your phone near roads or on quiet sidewalks.
• Taxi risks: Use Uber, Cabify, or hotel-ordered taxis whenever possible.
• Nighttime judgment errors: Many problems happen after alcohol and late nights. Stick to groups or take rides home early.

Solo Female Travel Tips

• Use Uber or ride apps after dark

• Keep your phone inside your bag when not using it

• Stay in well-reviewed accommodations

• Ask locals or hotel staff about safe routes

• Avoid empty parks at night

• Carry limited cash

• Share your location with someone when moving cities

• Trust your instincts quickly and without guilt

The biggest safety tool in Colombia is awareness, not fear.

For more, check out my guide on solo female travel safety.